Industry Interactive Sessions
IP-1: Mixed-mode Access for Robust Broadcast Multimedia Content Delivery
Tue, 9 Dec, 3:45-6:00pm
Authors: Kevin Shelby, Coherent Logix; Mike Simon, Sinclair Broadcast Group
Abstract:
This paper proposes an evolution in Next Generation Broadcast Access aimed at enabling fixed rooftop and outdoor/mobile reception from a common wireless transport, providing indoor service capability to portable devices via content forwarding on a secondary wireless network (i.e. constituting a cooperative HetNet). The proposed method of Mixed-Mode Access introduces a Software Defined Remote Radio Head (SD-RRH), mounted on the rooftop, streaming IP to a centralized Content Distribution Point (CDP) both of which are maintained under configuration control from a network-side broadcast entity.
The SD-RRH provides the point of entry for over-the-air service distribution. The CDP in turn serves as Home Gateway aggregating transport from a variety of delivery mechanisms: over-the-air reception relayed from the SD-RRH, IP streaming via the consumer's Internet Service Provider (ISP), non-real-time file transfer to a local storage device. The CDP then relays content to consuming devices via: HDMI or Wi-Fi or Wired Ethernet to static television receivers, and Wi-Fi to mobile/portable devices completing the last leg in a mixed-mode transport arrangement. The CDP additionally provides the facility to augment the over-the-air stream with ISP derived content for improved error concealment or guaranteed NRT file transfer for off-air playback. Broadcast content emanates from a common point in the home regardless of its network origin.
The paper presents the Next Generation Broadcast Access mechanism including the SD-RRH and CDP architectures as components of a mixed-media transport arrangement.
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IP-2: Survey of Physical Layer Measurement of Wireless Standards
Tue, 9 Dec, 3:45-6:00pm
Authors: Steve Tenney National Instruments, Yupeng Jia National Instruments
Abstract:
Across all wireless standards, manufacturers and service providers need to insure the performance and compliance of their devices via manufacturing test. These tests are designed to demonstrate the wireless device’s ability to adhere to the requirements of a particular standard by exercising different functionality such as transmitter and receiver performance. With the continuing evolution of wireless standards across the globe, the need to evaluate key performance parameters such as power, frequency and modulation quality is greater than ever. The different wireless standardization bodies each present the unique specifications for the Physical Layer (PHY) in their standard documents. The implementation and specification limits may differ from standard to standard, but the concepts for, and requirements of, PHY analysis are largely transferable between them. This paper explores the core tests required in a number of current wireless standards and the common principles behind each family of tests.
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IP-3: The CROWD framework for tackling challenges of dense small cell deployments using Software Defined Networking (SDN)
Tue, 9 Dec, 3:45-6:00pm
Authors: Arianna Morelli INTECS,
Rohit Gupta Rohit.Gupta@ni.com National Instruments,
Martin Draxler University of Paderborn
Holger Karl University of Paderborn
Vincenzo Mancuso IMDEA Networks
Antonio De La Oliva Universidad Carlos III de Madrid
Erick Bizouarn Alcatel Lucent Bell Labs
Engin Zeydan AVEA
Abstract: The ICT CROWD (Connectivity management for eneRgy Optimised Wireless Dense networks) project is funded by the European Commission. Growing demand can only be satisfied by increasing access point density and combining different wireless technologies, for example (LTE, WiFi). Simply scaling existing networks by orders of magnitude, as required to fulfill traffic forecasts, would bring along several problems because of the limited backhaul capacity, the increased energy consumption, and the explosion of signalling. The FP7 project CROWD proposes a novel architecture based on Software-Defined Networking (SDN), as a solution to tame the density of wireless networks. CROWD pursues four key goals: (i) bringing density-proportional capacity where it is needed, (ii) optimising MAC mechanisms operating in very dense deployments by explicitly accounting for density as a resource rather than as an impediment, (iii) enabling traffic-proportional energy consumption, and (iv) guaranteeing mobile user’s quality of experience by designing smarter connectivity management solutions.
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IP-4: MobiSDN: Vision for Mobile Software Defined Networking for Future Cellular Networks
Tue, 9 Dec, 3:45-6:00pm
Authors: Ying Li Samsung Research America
David Choe Samsung Telecommunications America
Thomas Novlan Samsung Research America
Jianzhong Zhang Samsung Research America
Glenn Morrow Samsung Telecommunications America
Abstract:
With the explosive growth of smart mobile devices, innovations for wireless networks are in great and urgent need. Software defined networking (SDN) has great potential for the future networks. SDN has been gaining momentum recently in the context of future wired networks, however, the concept and technologies of SDN for mobile or wireless networks are still in the very early stages. This paper provides vision for SDN for future mobile networks, referred to as mobile SDN (MobiSDN). The discussions include MobiSDN’s definition, its architecture, its use cases including cloud based content distribution and augmented reality with big data analytics, and its potential enabling technologies.
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IP-5: Measurement of Radar Pulse Parameters with Under Sampled Signal
Tue, 9 Dec, 3:45-6:00pm
Authors: Sampath Desai National Instruments
Abraham George National Instruments
Varun Mannam National Instruments
Jithin Madathil National Instruments
Abstract:
Modern pulsed radar design requires generation of complicated modulated pulses that present significant measurement challenges. The pulses are phase or frequency modulated with narrow pulse width thus exhibiting high band width. Hence the bandwidth of measuring device and data conversion rate play a vital role in meeting the desired measurement precision. The pulse parameters of interest to be measured are Rise Time (RT), Fall Time (FT), Pulse Width (PW), Pulse Repetition Frequency (PRF), Modulation type and power. The measurement of RT, FT significantly depend on number of samples on the pulse. The rise time can go very low .This implies that one needs to have higher sampling rate with wider front end analog filters to obtain accurate measurements. This requirement greatly increases the complexity of the test equipment hardware. We present a novel algorithm of estimating transient parameters of a train of pulses, sampled with an inadequate ADC.
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IP-6: NI-AWR Integrated Framework for Radar Design
Tue, 9 Dec, 3:45-6:00pm
Authors: Gent Paparisto AWR Corp., Inc.
Abstract:
Modern radar systems are very complex and depend heavily on advanced signal processing algorithms to improve the detection performance of the radar. At the same time, the radio frontend must meet the specifications that are often the combination of available devices, implementation technologies, regulatory constraints, requirements from the system and signal processing.
To overcome these challenges, there is increasing need for cooperation between digital and RF/microwave engineer such that the overall system performance metrics are jointly optimized across the two disparate domains.
In this presentation, we show how the AWR Design Environment can be combined with National Instruments LabVIEW and PXI instruments to design, validate, and prototype a radar system. NI-AWR integrated framework provides a unique avenue for both, digital and RF engineers, as well as system engineers, to collaborate on a complex radar system.
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IP-7: Integrated RF and Digital Design-to-Prototype Flow with LabVIEW and AWR Design Environment
Tue, 9 Dec, 3:45-6:00pm
Authors: Takao Inoue National Instruments
Abstract:
Despite the significant advance in wireless communication system development over the last several decades, there remains to be a huge dividing wall between the RF/microwave circuit designers and baseband algorithm designers. Each area requires significant depth of knowledge to master, and as a result, has evolved to a rather disparate design flow, tool chain, and the way of thinking.
We take a brief overview of what National Instruments is doing to bring together different domain experts and to crossover insights from both domains to more effectively design, simulate, and prototype a wireless communication system. Specifically, we show how a fixed point algorithm developed in LabVIEW can be co-simulated with a realistic RF frontend in AWR Design Environment to get an early insight on the system behavior. Then we show a path to create a real-time baseband transceiver that will connect to the physical implementation of the designed RF frontend.
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IP-8: Distributing and Expanding Processor Resources through National Instrument PXImc
Tue, 9 Dec, 3:45-6:00pm
Authors: Govind Viswambaran National Instruments
Norm Kirchner National Instruments
Abstract:
Certain applications & measurements (ex. Cellular LTE Testing) can require very complex data processing and cause an imbalance in the distribution of work handled by the processor in a PXI based test system. PXImc (multi-computing) enables users to add a second processor in a PXI based test solution to help distribute the workload and reestablish balance. Being able to distribute memory usage and processing horsepower, PXI test system developers can reduce overall test time and recover critical system resources.
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IP-9: Prototyping High-Throughput mmWave Small Cells for 5G
Wed, 10 Dec, 3:45-6:00pm
Authors: Vincent Kotzsch National Instruments
Eckhard Ohlmer National Instruments
Abstract:
Major challenges have to be adressed until first mmWave small cell solutions are ready to enter the market. Therefore mmWave systems need either better hardware or more sophisticated digital impairment-compensation techniques.
We show how National Instruments addresses these challenges with their hardware-software prototyping platform, which is designed for scalability in channel count, bandwidth and signal processing capabilities. This platform is intended to provide researchers with a tool to test their mmWave concepts and prove their viability under practical constraints. The NI platform is part of the European MiWaves project, where it is used to prototype a multi-Gbit/s mmWave backhaul and multi-user access link. We will specifically focus on the highly parallel baseband implementation that is key to overcome the challenge of designing Gbit/s transmission systems.
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IP-10: Required Frequency Rejection in 39 GHz Millimeter-Wave Small Cell Systems: Intel's Preliminary Results
Wed, 10 Dec, 3:45-6:00pm
Authors: Joongheon Kim Intel
Liang Xian Intel
Alexander Maltsev Intel
Reza Arefi Intel
Ali Sadri Intel
Abstract:
This paper presents interference simulation study results in 39 GHz millimeter-wave small cell networks performed by Intel in terms of required frequency rejection calculation. In this simulation study, we calculated the amount of interferences gathered in a fixed service receive antenna. Two types of interferences are considered in this simulation study, i.e., (i) the accumulated interference to a fixed service receive antenna occurred by every single wireless transmission from a small cell base station to its associated small cell user (i.e., downlink interference); and (ii) the accumulated interference to a fixed service receive antenna occurred by every single wireless transmission from a small cell user to its associated small cell base station (i.e., uplink interference). Last, the future interference analysis scenarios are presented.
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IP-11: Beamformed MAC: Medium Access Control with Beamforming in 5G Cellular Communications
Wed, 10 Dec, 3:45-6:00pm
Authors: Ying Li Samsung Research America
Abstract:
Beamforming is one of the key technologies that 5G system would be using. Due to beamforming, the designs for mudium access control (MAC) will have fundamental changes in many aspects comparing to the legacy system. This work discusses fundamentals of MAC with beamforming, which is called as beamformed MAC in here.
Four major aspects of beamformed MAC are discussed, namely beamformed network access, beamformed control and data communication, beamformed mobility control, and beamformed energy conservation in idle mode support. These aspects cover the main activities in a mobile station's 'life'. The discussion reveals the fundamental problems and aspects to consider for system design and operations for beamformed MAC, which are critical to 5G system design. The discussion also reveals the fundamental research problems from resource alloation perspective based on the insights that we obtained from system design, which serve as good directions to involve academic efforts for 5G system design.
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IP-12: Low Power CMOS Parametric Passive Mixers for Millimeter Wave Applications
Wed, 11 Dec, 3:45 – 6:00pm
Authors: Daquan Huang Samsung Research America
Tianzuo Xi Southern Methodist University
Sherry Huang Southern Methodist University
Ping Gui Southern Methodist University
Rakesh Taori Samsung Research America
Abstract:
Millimeter wave (mmWave) technology has gain extraordinary attention in industry in the past decade. 60GHz short distance wireless communications applications and mmWave based 5G communications shed lights on multi-Gbps data rate. mmWave radar and imaging and Terahertz spectroscopy are promising in sensing applications. However, low power mmWave solutions remain one of the key challenges which hinder mmWave technologies from massive deployment in battery operated portable devices. A low power CMOS passive mixer based on non-linear capacitor parametric amplifications is described in this paper. The mixer employs the non-return-to-zero (NRZ) capacitive loaded sampling structure. The parametric amplification is applied to the LO port through a soliton transmission line (TL) to separate the LO signal from the RF input of the mixer, alleviating the mixer gain and linearity dilemma. The soliton TL also boost the LO swing and re-shape the LO pulse, resulting in a superb single sideband NF of 5.9dB and 6.8dB, conversion voltage gain of 4dB for 60GHz mixer, and IP1dB of 0.9dBm and 1.4dBm for a 60GHz and 120GHz mixer in 65nm CMOS respectively. Both mixers consume 0dBm LO power and no DC power.
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IP-13: Virtual Optical Networks for Programmable Wide-area ICT Infrastructures
Wed, 10 Dec, 3:45-6:00pm
Authors: Xi Wang Fujitsu Labs of America
Qiong Zhang Fujitsu Labs of America
Paparao Palacharla Fujitsu Labs of America
Motoyoshi Sekiya Fujitsu Labs of America
Abstract:
As applications move to the cloud, geographically distributed data centers (DCs) are being deployed and interconnected using optical networks, forming wide-area Information and Communications Technology (ICT) infrastructures. Cloud applications rely on such infrastructures for improved user’s quality of experience (QoE), driving the need for the optical networks to provide greater capacity, flexibility, and dynamic bandwidth reconfiguration on shorter time scale under cloud orchestration systems using SDN. With the expected deployment of colorless/directionless/gridless ROADMs and multiple modulation format programmable transponders, the flexibility and agility of the optical networks can be easily managed using SDN. To enable multi-tenancy in these inter-DC networks, the concept of optical network virtualization enables service providers to provision multiple co-existing and isolated virtual optical networks (VONs) over the same physical infrastructure.
We present our recent results on node architecture and efficient resource utilization in physical infrastructure of flexible optical networks as well as efficient VON mapping method.
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IP-14: The Targeted Job Search – How to get the Hiring Manager to Call You!
Wed, 10 Dec, 3:45-6:00pm
Authors: Marc Miller Career Pivot
Abstract: We live in what is now called a referral economy. With over 80% of jobs being filled through referrals it is important that you have a network there to support you. We will be talking about building a target list of companies and then how to strategically network into the management chain so that they call you when a position opens up!
This is a multi-step process:
1. Build a target list of companies that can hire you.
2. Vet that list to determine whether you really want to work for these companies.
3. Build relationships strategically in your target companies.
4. Build a strategic referral network.
5. Strategically pursue positions via your referral network.
6. Once hired, you plan your next move in 18-24 months
7. Go to #1
The days of working for one company for your entire career is over. Strategically plan your move in a systematic fashion that an engineer can embrace.
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IP-15: Effective Performance Improvement in the Presence of Multiple IQ Impairments along with High Carrier Frequency Offset
Wed, 10 Dec, 3:45-6:00pm
Authors:
Vellachi Murugappan National Instruments
Abstract:
When we have a multi-dimensional estimation problem with several impairments superimposed on the signal, we face the challenge of a chicken and egg situation, where one impairment, cannot be estimated because the other impairment is too high, to allow a successful estimation. In this scenario, the systems estimation capability severely hampers the modulation accuracy measurements.
The challenge is addressed by looking into the impairments sources present and the sequence in which these would have been introduced in the Transmitter chain and the Channel. By doing so impairments are handled in a suitable order and using an iterative approach. It also suggests how high frequency offset correction needs to be handled in various stages of the algorithm to allow successful estimation of IQ impairments. The IQ impairments considered are IQ gain imbalance, IQ skew and IQ Origin offset. The typical pseudo inversion technique used to estimate these is also touched upon.
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IP-16: Fine Resolution Frequency Estimation of Windowed Sinusoid Using Three DFT Points
Wed, 10 Dec, 3:45-6:00pm
Authors: Mrinmoy Jana National Instruments
Prabhat Pal National Instruments
Abstract:
We propose a fine resolution frequency estimator for a single frequency complex exponential signal weighted by a generalized cosine window the special cases of which include the Hann window, the Hamming window and the rectangular window. The proposed method estimates the frequency of the input windowed signal by taking N-point DFT of N time domain windowed samples of the signal and then non-linearly interpolating three DFT points comprising of the Peak Magnitude DFT point and its two immediate neighbors. For Hann and Hamming windowed sinusoid the proposed method provides better performance than Lyons’ method and the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of the new estimator closely follows the Cramer Rao Lower Bound (CLRB). For Rectangular Window the proposed method yields 2.5-3 dB better RMSE performance than Candan’s estimator for higher frequency offsets. We also derive the RMSE of the proposed estimator w.r.t. input Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) for low frequency offsets.
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IP-17: S-Parameter Measurements in High-Volume Production Environments With a Single-Receiver Vector Signal Transceiver
Wed, 10 Dec, 3:45-6:00pm
Authors: Alejandro Buritica National Instruments
Andy Hinde National Instruments
Abstract:
Modern RF test stations for wireless semiconductor devices must support wide-bandwidth complex-modulated waveforms, minimal operator intervention, faster test times, and lower cost.
This paper offers a unique solution by multipurposing a single-receiver Vector Signal Transceiver (VST, a combined vector signal generator and analyzer), an instrument that is already present in modern RF test stations, along with an RF port module, to enable error-corrected S-parameter measurements of the Device Under Test (DUT). This paper will also examine the RF switching and test set architecture of the RF port module subsystem, and it includes the analysis of S-parameter measurements performed with serial sampling of incident and reflected waveforms by the single-receiver Vector Signal Analyzer (VSA) present in the VST. It will address the performance differences that the instrumentation achieves when using shared TX & RX Local Oscillators (LOs), versus independently synthesized LOs.
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IP-18: NI-AWR Integrated Framework for WLAN 802.11ac
Thu, 11 Dec, 3:45-6:00pm
Authors: Gent Paparisto AWR Corp., Inc.
Abstract:
The latest WLAN standard, 802.11ac, achieves higher throughput over its predecessors by using higher order modulation schemes, wider channel bandwidth, and more spatial streams. It presents unique challenges during design and implementation. Fnding the right test equipment becomes a bigger challenge than before due to the increased test accuracy and bandwidth requirements.
We show how the AWR Design Environment can be combined with National Instruments LabVIEW and test instruments to design, prototype and validate components or systems that comply with the WLAN 802.11ac standard. A unique feature of this solution is that it reuses the same IP for the 802.11ac generation and analysis in software simulations as well as in test instrumentation providing for both, digital and RF engineers, as well as system engineers, to collaborate from initial the design and implementation all the way to final production testing, resulting in a shorter design cycle and reducing time to market.
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IP-19: Wireless Signalling Concepts for 802.11ac Devices with PXI Test Instruments
Thu, 11 Dec, 3:45-6:00pm
Authors: Dharmendra Lingaiah National Instruments
Abstract:
Wireless Signalling has become a critical part of RF Wireless LAN Devices testing in the recent days. While most of the Wireless Signalling in these boxed Instruments are proprietary , we felt the need for a open architecture based implementation of Wireless Signalling with PXI Test Instruments.
Our work has already been tested successfully on various Production Floors worldwide in testing Wireless LAN Access Points. The goal of our work was to able to connect to a Wireless LAN Access Point, put the Wireless Chipset into the appropriate test mode and perform Wireless LAN RF PHY Measurements. For Over the Air(OTA) Testing of WLAN AP, we have to emulate a WLAN STATION ( read RFSG / RFSG+ RFSA Combined for real time signalling ).Process involved is to replicate Signaling State Machine when STA tries to talk to AP as listed below:
1) Synchronisation
2) Association
3) Authentication
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IP-20: ESTIMATION OF SPECTRUM DEMAND IN AN LTE-ADVANCED ENVIRONMENT
Thu, 11 Dec, 3:45-6:00pm
Authors: Fadel Digham National Telecom Regulatory Authority
Khaled Elsayed Cairo University
Ahmed Khattab Cairo University
Khaled Qorany Cairo University
Abstract:
It is of a paramount interest to different stakeholders in the telecommunications industry to plan appropriately how much spectrum is needed to be offered or acquired. For governmental authorities, the amount of spectrum to be granted should fulfill the national and social targets announced in their strategies, especially for broadband access. Likewise, wireless operators should be able to estimate the required bandwidth so that users’ preferences are met along with the corresponding target QoS.
In an effort to respond to such an issue, we present a methodological approach for accurately estimating the spectrum demand on a certain time of day in a specific region in an LTE-A environment. The proposed approach is based on:
1) Traffic Model
2) Traffic Mixes
3) LTE-A Overheads
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IP-21: A Novel Time Misalignment Estimation Algorithm for Envelope Tracking (ET) Power Amplifiers (PA)
Thu, 11 Dec, 3:45-6:00pm
Authors: Craig E Rupp National Instruments
Zakir Ahmed National Instruments
Sean P Ferguson National Instruments
Michael J Lyons National Instruments
Gerardo Orozco National Instruments
Abstract:
We present a novel algorithm for estimating the delay (dT) between the RF input of an RF power amplifier (PA) and the modulated supply voltage that is generated by an envelope tracking (ET) power modulator, also known as a power tracker. This algorithm estimates the delay by introducing artificial delays in the acquired baseband output of the RF amplifier and searching for the delay that result in the lowest error vector magnitude (EVM). A sufficient amount of band limited AWGN is added to the baseband at the input of the RF PA and power supply waveforms. The noise serves to decorrelate the output of the RF PA, improving delay estimation accuracy. The Algorithm has the ability to estimate delays in the range of 60nsec and upwards within a error of +/-4nsecs for wideband signals like WCDMA and LTE. Test results using a Vector signal generator and analyzer are presented.
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IP-22: Emerging characterization and simulation techniques accelerate the design of handset power amplifiers for modern communication signals
Thu, 11 Dec, 3:45-6:00pm
Authors: Guillaume Pailloncy National Instruments
Haydn Nelson National Instruments
Takao Inoue National Instruments
Marc Vanden Bossche National Instruments
Abstract:
With the emergence of wideband communication signals, the design and characterization of today’s handset power amplifiers (PA) are becoming more complex. We introduce a reference architecture that characterizes simultaneously the DC, low-frequency (LF) and RF behavior of the PA module under ET, DPD and/or load pull conditions. The system combines vector signal generators (VSG), vector signal analyzers (VSA) to generate and measure RF modulated signals, DC power supplies or source measure units (SMU) to bias the PA, as well as an arbitrary waveform generator (AWG) to dynamically shape the DC bias (power modulator). Based on PXI technology, this reference architecture takes benefit from the shared 10MHz reference clock to tightly synchronize the different PXI modules with less than 1ns of channel-to-channel skew. Using network analysis calibration techniques, accurate characterization under wideband modulation conditions can then be performed down to the different DC, LF and RF test ports of the PA.
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IP-23: A Novel Fast method for evaluating the AM/AM and AM/PM characteristics of a power amplifier using the stored reference waveform
Thu, 11 Dec, 3:45-6:00pm
Authors: Gerardo Orozco Valdes National Instruments
Craig E. Rupp National Instruments
Michael J. Lyons National Instruments
Sean P. Ferguson National Instruments
Zakir Ahmed National Instruments
Abstract:
We present a method for performing AM/AM and AM/PM measurements on power amplifiers by using stored reference waveforms and triggers. Although several similar techniques have been used in literature previously like in [1], [2] and [3]; the advantage with this method is that we do not require sharing of the Local Oscillator (LO) between the VSG and VSA. This measurement has the ability to correct frequency offsets in the range of +/-2MHz. Additionally in this method we use trigger lines/pins that are typically available in most commercial VSGs and VSAs to help faster time synchronization and improve measurement speed.
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IP-24: Advances in Motion Video Compression
Thu, 11 Dec, 3:45 – 6:00pm
Authors: Raymond Westwater, Futureware
Abstract:
Conventional motion video algorithms are limited by their reliance upon a two-dimensional human visual model. Motion is encoded as a vector between a two-dimensional region of reference content and a target region to be reconstructed. The difficulty (and limit to compression efficiency) arises due to the lack of a good visual model to determine the visibility of the residue or error term.
What is presented is a compression algorithm based on a three-dimensional (time-varying) model of human vision, the Visibel(TM) model. This approach eliminates all redundant visual content within and between frames by removing all data which is imperceptible under the anticipated viewing conditions. Not only are aggressive compression ratios attained, but the resulting stream is continuously adaptive to dynamic transmission channel conditions.
A practical short-term application of the Visibel(TM) human visual model is presented - a pre-filter for existing motion estimation-based compression algorithms. This filter has been shown to produce dramatic compression savings on all popular and upcoming algorithms without requiring any changes to the playback devices. This technology is in the process of being adopted by industry leaders.
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IP-25: Economical, Accessible Heterogeneous Computing for Next-Generation Embedded Applications
Wed, 11 Dec, 3:45 – 6:00pm
Authors: Pete Zievers, Xcelemor, Inc
Abstract:
Application demands and feature expectations continue to increase even as microprocessor performance has flattened out. Recently, the development community looks deeper into heterogeneous computing solutions as a successful alternative. Up until today, mixing compute technologies requires a system of complicated decisions and a great deal of foundation design. The AAXE operating environment drastically simplifies the task of correctly blending arbitrary combinations of FPGAs, DSPs, GPGPUs, and multicore CPUs, offering best-of-the-best technology solutions. The key technological contribution is an advanced resource management approach supported by unprecedented interconnect technology. AAXE scales linearly, offering orders-of-magnitude FlOps/Watt improvement over traditional platforms in a wide variety of packaging alternatives with seamless, transparent interfacing to existing software plant. A design example illustrates the AAXE advantage compared to not just existing microprocessor platforms, but also compared to other current heterogeneous application alternatives.
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